Arduino RADAR Model using Ultrasonic Sensor for Detection and Ranging

Electrical and electronics engineering department SRM institute of science and technology, Kancheepuram, Tamilnadu, (603203) Chennai India ABSTRACT-The application of radio detection and ranging in different places such as military installation, commercial use is done with the help of RADAR SYSTEM which uses electromagnetic waves for detection of different physical components such as distance, speed, position, range, direction, size etc which can be either fixed or be in motion. Use of radar system has been developed greatly specially in field of navigation. In this research we study about existing navigation technologies and proposed an Arduino based radar system. It has advantage over other radar system as kit reduces power consumption and connect programmer to wide range or Arduino programmers and open source code. The system consist a basic ultrasonic sensor placed upon a servo motor which rotates at a certain angle and speed. This ultrasonic sensor is connected to Arduino digital input output pins and servo motor also connected to digital input output pins. INTRODUCTION We know everything produces sound wave just by existence and effect flow of air around them with their natural frequency. These frequencies are beyond hearing range of humans. Wave of frequency range of 20000hz and thereabouts are called ultra-sonic wave and these waves can be detected by an ultrasonic sensor which helps us to get various knowledge. An Ultrasonic detector usually has a transducer which convert sound energy into electrical energy and electrical energy into sound energy. They are used for measuring object position and orientation, collision avoidance system, surveillance system etc. Ultrasonic technology provide relief from problem such as linear measurement problem, as it allows user to get non-contact measurements in this way distance between object and its speed etc can be easily measured. Speed of travel of sound wave depends upon square root of ratio between medium density and stiffness. Also, property of speed of sound can also be changed by natural environment condition like temperature. So basically, an ultrasonic sensor sends ultrasonic waves which travels in air and gets reflected after striking any object. By studying the property of reflected wave, we can get knowledge about objects distance, position, speed etc. A processing software and an Arduino software is used with hardware system for detection of objects various parameters. One of the most common application of ultra-sonic sensor is range finding. It is also called as sonar which is same as radar in which ultrasonic sound is directed at a particular direction and if there is any object in its path it strikes it and gets reflected back and after calculation time taken to come back we can determine distance of object. in real life this method is used by bats.

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